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Cause for concern in South East Asia
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests
Asia's largest land animal, the Asian elephant, has already become extinct in this ecoregion, and the remaining large blocks of habitat are under pressure from a variety of human activities. The primary threats come from quarries, coal mines, large-scale clearing for agriculture, and hydroelectric projects. Shifting cultivation, the practice of clearing land, cultivating it briefly, and abandoning it after depleting the soil, is also beginning to nibble away at the forest.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests
Nearly three-quarters of the ecoregion's natural habitat has been cleared by a rapidly expanding population, which is increasingly forced into these marginal lands. The remaining forest is scattered throughout the landscape as small patches, mainly restricted to the steep slopes of the volcanoes.
Indo-Malay • Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Eastern Java-Bali rain forests
The natural habitat of this ecoregion has long been cleared by logging interests and for agriculture and human settlements. Only fragments of natural forests remain, and these are also disturbed. Fire and hunting are ongoing threats.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Greater Negros-Panay rain forests
At one time, all of the Philippines were almost completely forested, but logging and shifting cultivation have reduced forests by up to 95 percent of their original coverage.This ecoregion has suffered a particularly disproportionate share of deforestation. It is the most degraded area in the Philippines and the most in need of immediate conservation action.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests
Wherever the land is not too steep, forests have been cleared for agriculture or cut for fuel. Grazing of livestock occurs in the remaining forests. People are also settling in forests, breaking up the vast habitat that Asian elephants and tigers require.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests
Although moderate siltation helped to create this ecoregion, too much can cause vegetation and aquatic species to die. The Irrawaddy River is now one of the most heavily silted rivers in the world. As deforestation and agricultural erosion continue, the sedimentation rate will only worsen. Agricultural expansion, firewood extraction, commercial logging, fishing, and other developments are ongoing threats. As a result of forest fragmentation and degradation, no sizable populations of large mammals exist here anymore, and the future for birds is no better unless their habitats are protected.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests
Conversion of forests to agriculture and shifting cultivation remain the most persistent threats to this ecoregion's biodiversity. Illegal timbering and poaching are also ongoing problems.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests
The conversion of forests to agricultural land, along with hunting, the collection of rare species for sale, and inadequate management of existing protected areas, are the main threats to this region.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Kayah-Karen montane rain forests
About a third of this ecoregion has been cleared or degraded, and shifting cultivation remains the main cause of deforestation. Hunting has decimated several large mammal populations, including those of the elephant, gaur, banteng, and tiger. Gibbons and hornbills, which are important for dispersing the seeds of many forest trees, have been severely threatened as well.
Indo-Malay
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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
This ecoregion is on the verge of extinction. Only three percent of the ecoregion is protected from development. Urbanization, industrialization, and agriculture pose serious threats to the remaining forest fragments. Not only do existing protected areas need to be effectively managed, critical habitat must be restored.
